Ha re ithute ka litsi tsa lefutso hammoho.

Manahatso a Surfactatsho na le lintho tse sebetsang tse sebetsang tse arohanyang ho lokolla liqoso tse ntle ka tharollo ea batho ba holofetseng. Lihlopheng tsa hydrophobic tsa mofuta ona li tšoana le tsa li-surfactats tsa liphoofolo tse sa rateheng. Lihoai tsa hydrophilic tsa lintho tse joalo li na le liathomo tsa naticjene, 'me li na le liathomo tse kang phosphorus, sebabole. Lihlopheng tsa hydrophilic le lihlopha tsa hydrophobic li ka hokahana ka kotloloho, kapa li ka hokahana ka Ester, Ether, kapa li na le litlamo. Har'a bona, e sebelisoang haholo ke letsoai la linate tsa tlhaho.

Manahatso a SurfactatsKa boleng ba khoebo ke 'nete hore ehlile li-motsoako oa manyolo a manyolo a naetrojene. Litefiso tsa bona tse monate li tsamaisoa ke liathomo tsa naetrojene. Ho boetse ho na le mefuta e mecha ea lijalo tsa matloana tseo litefiso tseo liqoso tse ntle tse tsamaisoang ke liathomo tse kang phosphorus, Sethorne le arsenic. Ho latela sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale tsa li-surfactats tsa methapo, li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e mene: mofuta oa letsoai la Amine, mofuta oa Vemocyclic, mofuta oa letsoai. Har'a bona, mofuta oa tuastmory a ammonium ea letsoai a ammonic e nang le lits'ebetso tse batsi ka ho fetisisa.

1. Mofuta oa letsoai la AMINE

Amine letsoai a letheba ke poleloana e akaretsang ea letsoai la mantlha la letsoai la mantlha la letsoai la mantlha la sethoathoa sa tlhaho Litsi tsa bona li tšoana haholo, 'me lihlahisoa tse ngata ke metsoako ea liphoofolo tsa mantlha tsa naha le li-amines tsa bobeli. Litloaelo tsena tsa limela li etsoa haholo ke boitšoaro ba linako tsa mafura a nang le acidganic a aticatic mme li qhibiliha tharollo ea acidic feela. Tlas'a maemo a alkaline, letsoai la moromo le ka 'na la arabela ka alkalis ho etsa lihlekehleke tsa mahala, tse fokotsang linyeoe tsa tsona. Ka hona, mofuta oa bona oa kopo o batla o le botsoa.

2. Mofuta oa Vemonium ea letsoai

Mofuta oa Quatherry AmmoniumManahatso a Surfactatske mefuta ea bohlokoahali ea lintho tsa bohlokoahali tsa maundari. Mekhoa ea bona ea thepa le lisebelisoa tsa boitokiso e fapane le ea mofuta oa letsoai la setho sa letsoai. Ho na le litlatsetso tse joalo tsa kalafo le alkanine, li na le letoto la thepa e ntle ea acidic, e na le ts'ebeliso e ntle le mefuta e meng ea lijalo tse silafetseng.

3. Mofuta oa heterocyclic

Li-heterocolo tse tsoang limolek'hule tsa limolek'hule tsa khatiso li kenyelletsa mehele ea morfoline-e nang le morfoline-e nang le mehele ea li-morphojel, mehele ea pyridazole, jj.

Manahatso a atic a na le li-catalysts tse thusang haholo le mesebetsi e metle ea baktenidal ebile e sebelisoa haholo likarolong tse ngata tsa bophelo ba rona.